Operational Amplifier I

Statement of Purpose
To amplify a given signal using an operational amplifier. The amplification is determined by the gain resistors. The math is pretty simple.

Procedure

Half of the power rating of a 1/4 W resistor, 
Rx = (V^2)*8 = (12^2)*8 = 1152 Ω.  
Ry = R_x/11 = 104.7 Ω.

Rth = Rx*Ry/(Rx + Ry) = 96 Ω. Vth = 1 V.
Ri = 20*96 = 1.92 kΩ.Rf = 19.2 kΩ.

Data

Component	Nominal Value	Measured Value	Power or Current Rating
Ri	2000 Ω	1957 Ω	1/8 W
Rf	20000 Ω	19760 Ω	1/8 W
Rx	1152 Ω	1786 Ω	1/4 W
Ry	104.7 Ω	7020 Ω	1/4 W
V1 = Vcc	12 V	12.12 Ω	2 A
V2 = Vee	12 V	12.08 Ω	2 A

Vin	Vout (Measured)	GAIN (Calculated)	VRi (Measured)	IRi (Calculated)	VRf (Measured)
0.0 V	0.00 V	0.00	0.00 V	0.00 A	0.00 V
0.25 V	-2.55 V	-10.20	0.25 V	0.125 mA	2.57 V
0.50 V	-5.07 V	-10.14	0.50 V	0.250 mA	5.11 V
0.75 V	-7.62 V	-10.16	0.75 V	0.375 mA	7.65 V
1.00 V	-10.16 V	-10.06	1.01 V	0.505 mA	10.18 V

I_v1 = 2.31 mA

I_v2 = -1.645 mA

Pv1 = V*I = 28.00 mW

Pv2 = -19.87 mW

Iv1 + I_v2 = 0.665 mA

If = 0.509 mA

Error = 30.6%

Conclusion
To emulate a sensor's signal we use potentiometer to adjust the voltage to the amplifier. The result will amplify the signal ten times the potential input.